CHILDREN NUTRITION CLINIC

REKOMENDASI JADWAL, JUMLAH DAN JENIS PEMBERIAN MAKAN PADA BAYI

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 27 Aug 2009 16:12:29 +0000

REKOMENDASI PEMBERIAN MAKAN PADA BAYI

USIA 0-6 BULAN : HANYA ASI (ASI EKSKLUSIF) ATAU DITAMBAH PASI BILA ASI TIDAK MENCUKUPI, JUMLAH ASI+PASI SEKITAR 750-800 CC PERHARI, MAKANAN TAMBAHAN DIBERIKAN USIA 6 BULAN.

USIA 6- 8 BULAN :

WAKTU	DIET	JUMLAH
05.00 – 06.00	ASI – SUSU FORMULA	150-180 CC
08.00	BUBUR SUSU	6-9 SENDOK MAKAN (SDM)
11.00	JUICE ATAU BUAH	75-125 CC, 6-8 SDM
13.00	NASI TIM SARING	6-8 SDM
15.00	ASI-SUSU FORMULA	150-180 CC
16.00	BISKUIT	1-3 KEPING
18.00	BUBUR SUSU, USIA 7 BULAN DIGANTI NASI TIM SARING	6-8 SDM
21.00 – 22.00	ASI – SUSU FORMULA	150-180 CC
22.00 – 06.00	BILA BERAT BADAN NORMAL DAN JUMLAH MINUM SUSU SIANG HARI BANYAK (120-180) CC TIAP MNUM) SEBAIKNYA MALAM HARI TIDAK MINUM SUSUBILA BERAT BADAN KURANG, MINUM SUSU SIANG SEDIKIT (120 CC TIAP MINUM SUSU), DIANJURKAN MINUM SUSU MALAM HARI 2-3 KALI

USIA 9 – 12 BULAN :

WAKTU	DIET	JUMLAH
05.00 – 06.00	ASI – SUSU FORMULA	180 CC
08.00	NASI TIM	9-12 SDM
11.00	JUICE ATAU BUAH	125-180 CC, 9-12 SDM
13.00	NASI TIM	9-12 SDM
15.00	ASI-SUSU FORMULA	150-180 CC
16.00	BISKUIT,AGAR-AGAR SUSU, HUNGKWE,BUAH ATAU SNACK LAINNYA	1-3 KEPING
18.00	NASI TIM	9-12 SDM
21.00 – 22.00	ASI – SUSU FORMULA	180 CC
22.00 – 06.00	BILA BERAT BADAN NORMAL DAN JUMLAH MINUM SUSU SIANG HARI BANYAK (150-180 CC TIAP MNUM) SEBAIKNYA MALAM HARI TIDAK MINUM SUSUBILA BERAT BADAN KURANG, MINUM SUSU SIANG SEDIKIT (120 CC TIAP MINUM SUSU), DIANJURKAN MINUM SUSU MALAM HARI 2-3 KALI

JUMLAH SUSU DALAM SEHARI (ASI+PASI)

BILA BERAT BADAN NORMAL : 650 – 750 ml setiap hariBILA BERAT BADAN KURANG : 800 – 900 ml setiap hari

PENTING HARUS DIKETAHUI :

SEBAIKNYA JANGAN MEMBERI AIR PUTIH DALAM GELAS ATAU BOTOL, KARENA AIR PUTIH LEBIH SEGAR, BAYI AKAN LEBIH MEMILIH AIR PUTIH DIBANDINGKAN SUSU, AKIBATNYA ASUPAN SUSU AKAN BERKURANG, AIR PUTIH TIDAK BERGIZI SEHINGGA SERINGKALI MENGGANGGU KENAIKKAN BERAT BADAN (SULIT BAB, BIBIR KERING & LIDAH PUTIH BUKAN KARENA KURANG AIR PUTIH)
CERMATI PERKEMBANGAN BERAT BADAN BAYI MELALUI GRAFIK BERAT BADAN SETIAP BULAN, WASPADAI KESULITAN MAKAN DAN GANGGUAN KENAIKKAN BERAT BADAN BAYI SETELAH USIA 6 BULAN SERINGKALI DISEBABKAN KARENA KETIDAK COCOKAN AKIBAT PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN,
GEJALA KETIDAK COCOKAN MAKANAN (REAKSI SIMPANG MAKANAN : ALERGI, INTOLERANSI, COELIAC): BAB 3 KALI PERHARI, SULIT BAB (NGEDEN) TIDAK TIAP HARI, FESES : BULAT, BERWARNA HITAM ATAU HIJAU TUA DAN BERBAU TAJAM, MUAL ATAU MUNTAH, AIR LIUR BERLEBIHAN (NGILER).TIDUR MALAM HARI SERING BOLAK-BALIK, GELISAH SEPERTI KEHAUSAN, MENANGIS ATAU MENGIGAU, SERINGKALI TERBANGUN, GANGGUAN KULIT : PUTIH SEPERTI PANU, BIANG KERINGAT, BISUL,KEMERAHAN DI SELANGKANGAN, BENTOL MERAH DAN MEMBEKAS HITAM SEPERTI DIGIGIT NYAMUK/SERANGGA, HIDUNG BUNTU, NAPAS BERBUNYI (GROK-GROK), BATUK RINGAN MALAM HARI
BILA BERAT BADAN NORMAL SEBAIKNYA TIDAK DIBERIKAN SUPLEMEN VITAMIN (KRN VITAMIN DAN MINERAL DARI ASI DAN PASI SUDAH MENCUKUPI) PEMBERIAN VITAMIN PADA BAYI MENINGKATKAN RESIKO ALERGI DAN ASMA DIKEMUDIAN HARI. DALAM KEADAAN TERTENTU ATAU BILA BERAT BADAN KURANG MUNGKIN BISA DITAMBAH SUPLEMEN VITAMIN YANG TIDAK BERAROMA RASA.(PUYER)

Provided by : Dr Widodo Judarwanto SpA

RUMAH SAKIT BUNDA JAKARTA

CHILDREN ALLERGY CLINIC & PICKY EATERS CLINIC (KLINIK KHUSUS KESULITAN MAKAN PADA ANAK)

Jl Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Bendungan Hilir Jakarta Pusat

phone : (021) 70081995 – 5703646 – 31922005 – 0817171764,

email : judarwanto@gmail.com , htpp://www.childrenclinic.wordpress.com

Infant Formulas and Pediatric Enteral Feedings

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 11 Jun 2009 23:14:00 +0000

Formulas

Kcal/cc

PRO
(gm/cc)

FAT
(gm/cc)

CHO
(gm/cc)

Comments

Human Milk

.67

.011

.040

.068

Vitamin D supplement required

Standard
Enfamil 20	.67	.015	.038	.069	whey:casein ratio 60:40
Enfamil 24	.80	.018	.045	.084	whey:casein ratio 60:40
Similac 20	.67	.015	.036	.072	whey:casein ratio 48:52
Similac 24	.80	.022	.043	.085	whey:casein ratio 48:52
Lactofree	.67	.015	.037	.069	milk-based, for lactose intolerance

Soy
Prosobee	.67	.020	.036	.068	for milk protein allergy; lactose intolerance
Isomil	.67	.018	.037	.068	for milk protein allergy; lactose intolerance

Specialized
Pregestimil	.67	.019	.028	.091	for generalized malabsorption
Portagen	.67	.022	.030	.074	for long chain fatty acid malabsorption
Nutramigen	.67	.019	.026	.090	for allergy to intact milk & soy protein
Alimentum	.67	.019	.038	.068	for generalized malabsorption
Similac PM 60/40	.67	.016	.038	.069	low RSL; Ca:Phos ratio similar to human milk

Preterm
Enfamil Premature	.80	.024	.041	.089	for preterm infants below 2000 grams
EnfaCare	.73	.020	.039	.078	discharge preterm formula for 1st year

Pediatric Enteral
Kindercal	1.06	.034	.044	.135	for children 1-10 years: contains fiber
PediaSure	1.0	.030	.050	.110	for children 1-10 years of age

source : http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/

Supported by
CLINICAL PEDIATRIC ONLINE

Yudhasmara Foundation

JL Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Jakarta Indonesia 102010

phone : 62(021) 70081995 – 5703646

email : judarwanto@gmail.com,

http://clinicalpediatric.wordpress.com/

Clinical and Editor in Chief :

DR WIDODO JUDARWANTO

Infant Formulas in Pediatric

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 11 Jun 2009 23:13:29 +0000

Formulas

Kcal/cc

PRO
(gm/cc)

FAT
(gm/cc)

CHO
(gm/cc)

Comments

Human Milk

.67

.011

.040

.068

Vitamin D supplement required

Standard
Enfamil 20	.67	.015	.038	.069	whey:casein ratio 60:40
Enfamil 24	.80	.018	.045	.084	whey:casein ratio 60:40
Similac 20	.67	.015	.036	.072	whey:casein ratio 48:52
Similac 24	.80	.022	.043	.085	whey:casein ratio 48:52
Lactofree	.67	.015	.037	.069	milk-based, for lactose intolerance

Soy
Prosobee	.67	.020	.036	.068	for milk protein allergy; lactose intolerance
Isomil	.67	.018	.037	.068	for milk protein allergy; lactose intolerance

Specialized
Pregestimil	.67	.019	.028	.091	for generalized malabsorption
Portagen	.67	.022	.030	.074	for long chain fatty acid malabsorption
Nutramigen	.67	.019	.026	.090	for allergy to intact milk & soy protein
Alimentum	.67	.019	.038	.068	for generalized malabsorption
Similac PM 60/40	.67	.016	.038	.069	low RSL; Ca:Phos ratio similar to human milk

Preterm
Enfamil Premature	.80	.024	.041	.089	for preterm infants below 2000 grams
EnfaCare	.73	.020	.039	.078	discharge preterm formula for 1st year

Pediatric Enteral
Kindercal	1.06	.034	.044	.135	for children 1-10 years: contains fiber
PediaSure	1.0	.030	.050	.110	for children 1-10 years of age

source : http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/

Supported by
CLINICAL PEDIATRIC ONLINE

Yudhasmara Foundation

JL Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Jakarta Indonesia 102010

phone : 62(021) 70081995 – 5703646

email : judarwanto@gmail.com,

http://clinicalpediatric.wordpress.com/

Clinical and Editor in Chief :

DR WIDODO JUDARWANTO

Guidelines for Formula

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 11 Jun 2009 23:10:17 +0000

source : http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/

Selection of an optimal infant, pediatric or adult enteral formula for use in a pediatric patient depends on both patient factors and formula factors as follows:

Patient Factors	Formula Factors
Age Diagnosis Associated nutritional problems Nutritional requirements Gastrointestinal function	Osmolality Renal solute load Caloric density and viscosity Nutrient composition: type & amount of CHO, Fat and protein Product availability and cost

Infant, Pediatric and Adult Enteral Formulas – Refer to:

Modifying Formula Caloric and Nutrient Density

Children who are critically or chronically ill may be unable to take adequate formula volume to meet their nutritional needs. Infant and pediatric formulas may be prepared differently to provide a greater caloric or nutrient density by any one or a combination of the following methods:

Concentration – increasing the amount of formula base or decreasing the amount of free water added when mixing the formula.
Supplementation – Adding a macronutrient module in order to increase caloric density without increasing all other nutrient sources. This may be accomplished through the addition of:
1. Carbohydrate source: Polycose (Ross Laboratories), Moducal (Mead-Johnson)
2. Fat source: Microlipid (Mead-Johnson)
3. Protein source: ProMod (Ross Laboratories)
4. Addition of powdered formula (adds all macro and micronutrients)
  (The addition of 1 tsp of Polycose and 2 cc of Microlipid per 4 oz of a formula base will increase the caloric density by 3 kcal/oz)

Supported by
CLINICAL PEDIATRIC ONLINE

Yudhasmara Foundation

JL Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Jakarta Indonesia 102010

phone : 62(021) 70081995 – 5703646

email : judarwanto@gmail.com,

http://clinicalpediatric.wordpress.com/

Clinical and Editor in Chief :

DR WIDODO JUDARWANTO

Maternal and infant nutrition

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 30 Apr 2009 00:54:28 +0000

The Government is fully committed to the promotion of breastfeeding, which is accepted as the best form of nutrition for infants to ensure a good start in life. Breastmilk provides all the nutrients a baby needs. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of an infant’s life. Six months is the recommended age for the introduction of solid foods for infants. Breastfeeding (and/or breastmilk substitutes, if used) should continue beyond the first six months along with appropriate types and amounts of solid foods. Mothers who do not follow these recommendations should be supported to optimise their infants’ nutrition.

The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) have published their review of the findings from the Infant Feeding Survey 2005. This report highlights implications for policy and recommends options for improving infant feeding practices in the UK. This report can be purchased from The Stationary Office or downloaded here as a pdf (see links below) .

Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding and the NHS Priorities and Planning Framework 2003-2006

A target has been set to increase breastfeeding initiation rates by 2% points a year through the NHS Priorities and Planning Framework 2003-2006.

Breastfeeding and the NHS Priorities and Planning Framework 2003-2006

Breastfeeding initiation rates

To enable achievement of the PPF target to be measured the Department of Health has published Local Delivery Plans which require the NHS to return local data on breastfeeding rates.

Local data on breastfeeding initiation rates

Local data on prevalance of breastfeeding at 6-8 weeks

To enable achievement of the PSA target to be measured the Department of Health has published ‘Vital sign’ that requires the NHS to return local data on prevalence of breatfeeding at 6-8 weeks

Local data on 6-8 weeks breastfeeding rates

National Breastfeeding Awareness Week

Campaign focused on young mothers and mothers-to-be who are least likely to breastfeed.

National Breastfeeding Awareness Week

Regional Infant Feeding Co-ordinators

Regional Infant Feeding Co-ordinators

Breastfeeding practice projects

A three-year Maternal and infant nutrition Initiative has been successfully completed as part of the Government’s Public Health policy to improve health inequalities. As part of this initiative 79 infant feeding projects were supported through the Public Health Development Fund. The projects were specifically aimed at increasing breastfeeding rates amongst populations who were least likely to choose to breastfeed. The majority were local projects looking at best practice & practice development. Emphasis was placed on partnership working and sustainability.

Infant Feeding Initiative: a report evaluating the Breastfeeding Practice Projects 1999-2002

Infant formula milk

Melamine-contaminated powdered infant-formula in China – No evidence of melamine in UK milk

Refer to Foods Standards Agency notice:

http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2008/sep/melaminemilk (opens new window)

Food Standards Agency Independent panel on the controls on infant formula and follow-on formula

An independent panel has been set up to review the effect of the infant and follow-on formula controls, introduced in 2008, on how follow-on formulas are presented and advertised. The review will be carried out over a year and will begin in June 2008.

Food Standards Agency: Independent panel on the controls on infant formula and follow-on formula (opens new window)

Update on infant formula legislation

Published: 11/01/2008 16:33

Updated EU legislation on infant formula and follow-on formula came into force in the UK on 11 January 2008.

Update on infant formula legislation

Advice on infant milks based on goats’ milk

Infant milks based on goats’ milk protein will no longer be sold in the UK, the deadline for ceasing sales has been extended to 1 March 2007.

Advice on infant milks based on goats’ milk

Department of Health and Food Standard Agency revised guidance on preparation and storage of infant formula milk

The European Food Safety Authority’s (EFSA) Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards has issued an opinion in relation to the microbiological risks in powdered infant and follow-on formulae. Although infections with these micro-organisms from formula milk are rare, the risk can be reduced by the guidelines in this page.

Department of Health and Food Standard Agency revised guidance on preparation and storage of infant formula milk

Survey of formula milk advertising

The Department of Health has recently conducted a survey to explore the understanding and perceptions of infant formula and follow-on formula advertising in the UK amongst pregnant women and mothers of children under one year.

Report of survey findings, September 2005

Healthy Start

Healthy Start: a new Welfare Food Scheme

The Welfare Food Scheme is being replaced by a new scheme called Healthy Start from 27 November 2006.

Healthy Start

Infant formula sales through Welfare Food Scheme have ended

From Monday 28 November NHS Clinics and Welfare Food Distribution Clinics should not be selling infant formula at £4.25 to families holding an NHS Tax Exemption Certificate.

Infant formula sales through Welfare Food Scheme have ended

The Department of Health warns about a powdered baby food imported from Uganda

The Department of Health (DH) is advising parents and carers not to feed their babies with a particular batch of: “Baby Soya with Enkejje makes a Stout Baby”.

Download Press release (PDF, 73K)

Local Infant Feeding Audit Tool (LIFA)

Auditing tool for use by NHS trusts, developed to give a 1-2 week snapshot of local breastfeeding data and practice.

Local Infant Feeding Audit Tool (LIFA)

16/06/2004: Health Minister’s decision on the fortification of flour with folic acid

Published: 16/06/2004

The Health Ministers have agreed with FSA’ s advice and at present have decided not to proceed with the mandatory fortification of flour with folic acid due to outstanding concerns about vitamin B12 deficiency in older people.

16/06/2004: Health Minister’s decision on the fortification of flour with folic acid

Infant feeding associated publications

DH guidance publications for health professionals and leaflets to help mothers breast- or bottle-feed.

Infant feeding associated publications

Supported by
CLINIC FOR CHILDREN

Yudhasmara Foundation

JL Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Jakarta Indonesia 102010

phone : 62(021) 70081995 – 5703646

http://childrenclinic.wordpress.com/

Clinical and Editor in Chief :

DR WIDODO JUDARWANTO

email : judarwanto@gmail.com

NUTRITION RESOURCES

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 30 Apr 2009 00:39:09 +0000

SNAP is the new name for the federal Food Stamp Program. It stands for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and reflects the changes USDA made to meet the needs of its clients, including a focus on nutrition and an increase in benefit amounts.

www.fitness.gov is the health, physical activity, fitness and sports information website of the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. You can find out about the Council and its work, view their publications, and link to the resources of other government agencies as well as to health and fitness organizations.

Offering expert cooking advice, nutrition information, & shopping tips, the Fruits & Veggies—More Matters campaign — which replaces the 5 A Day for Better Health Program — demonstrates that eating MORE fruits and vegetables does matter to us all.

Loving Your Family Feeding Their Future: Nutrition Education Through the Food Stamp Program — an initiative of the USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) — provides educational and promotional materials and techniques to help nutrition educators in their work with Food Stamp Program (FSP) participants and eligibles.

The USDA’s Food and Nutrition Information Center has been a leader in food and human nutrition information dissemination since 1971. Provides credible, accurate, and practical resources for nutrition and health professionals, educators, government personnel and consumers.

HealthierUS.gov is a project combining four keys for a healthier America: Be physically active every day, Eat a nutritious diet, Get preventive screenings, and Make healthy choices.

Nutrition.gov provides easy access to the best food and nutrition information from the federal government.

Healthy People 2010 challenges individuals, communities, and professionals — indeed, all of us — to take specific steps to ensure that good health, as well as long life, are enjoyed by all.

healthfinder is a free guide to reliable consumer health information, developed by the Department of Health and Human Services and other federal agencies.

Learn to understand and use the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Nutrition Facts Label.

The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan has been proven to lower blood pressure in studies sponsored by the National Institutes of Health.

DigiTop, USDA’s Digital Desktop Library, delivers to its users — wherever they are and whenever they need it — quality information resources, many not available through the “ordinary” Web.

Supported by
CLINIC FOR CHILDREN

Yudhasmara Foundation

JL Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Jakarta Indonesia 102010

phone : 62(021) 70081995 – 5703646

http://childrenclinic.wordpress.com/

Clinical and Editor in Chief :

DR WIDODO JUDARWANTO

email : judarwanto@gmail.com

New Research Suggests Link between Maternal Diet and Childhood Leukemia Risk

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 30 Apr 2009 00:36:17 +0000

source : http://www.nih.gov/

A new study suggests that eating more vegetables, fruit and protein before pregnancy may lower the risk of having a child who develops leukemia, the most common childhood cancer in the United States.

“This is the first time researchers have conducted a systematic survey of a woman’s diet and linked it to the risk of childhood leukemia,” said Dr. Kenneth Olden, director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the federal agency that funded the study. NIEHS is a component of the National Institutes of Health.

The study was conducted by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and the study results are published in the August 2004 issue of Cancer Causes and Control.

Researchers compared 138 women who each had a child diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a control group of 138 women whose children did not have cancer. The children of all the women in the study were matched by sex, age, race, and county of residence at birth.

After comparing the women’s diets in the 12 months prior to pregnancy, researchers found that the higher the intake of vegetables, fruit and foods in the protein group, the lower the risk of having a child with leukemia.

One of the more surprising results of the study is the emergence of protein sources, such as beef and beans, as a beneficial food group in lowering childhood leukemia risk. “The health benefits of fruits and vegetables have been known for a long time,” said principal investigator Gladys Block, professor of epidemiology and public health nutrition at U.C. Berkeley. “What we found in this study is that the protein foods group is also very important.”

The researchers looked further and found that glutathione was the nutrient in the protein group with a strong link to lower cancer risk. Glutathione is an antioxidant found in both meat and legumes, and it plays a role in the synthesis and repair of DNA, as well as the detoxification of certain harmful compounds.

Within the fruit and vegetable food groups, certain foods — including carrots, string beans and cantaloupe — stood out as having stronger links to lower childhood leukemia risk. The researchers point to the benefits of nutrients, such as carotenoids, in those foods as potential protective factors. National guidelines recommend that people eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day, and two to three servings of foods from the protein group.

“Fetal exposure to nutritional factors has a lot to do with what mom eats,” said Christopher Jensen, a nutritional epidemiologist at U.C. Berkeley and lead author of the paper. “These findings show how vital it is that women hoping to get pregnant, as well as expectant moms, understand that critical nutrients in vegetables, fruit and foods containing protein, such as meat, fish, beans and nuts, may protect the health of their unborn children.”

The few studies that have been conducted on maternal diet and childhood cancer risk looked only at specific foods or supplements, and results have been mixed. This study is the first attempt to capture a woman’s overall dietary pattern — using a 76-food-item questionnaire — and its relationship to the development of leukemia in a child. Researchers also studied the use of vitamin supplements, but did not find a statistically significant link to childhood leukemia risk.

A growing number of scientists believe that genetic changes linked to cancer later in life begin in the womb. “It goes back to the old saying to expectant mothers, ‘You’re eating for two,’” said co-author Patricia Buffler, U.C. Berkeley professor of epidemiology and head of the federally funded Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study. “We’re starting to see the importance of the prenatal environment, since the events that may lead to leukemia are possibly initiated in utero. Leukemia is a very complex disease with multiple risk factors. What these findings show is that the nutritional environment in utero could be one of those factors.”

Supported by
CLINIC FOR CHILDREN

Yudhasmara Foundation

JL Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Jakarta Indonesia 102010

phone : 62(021) 70081995 – 5703646

http://childrenclinic.wordpress.com/

Clinical and Editor in Chief :

DR WIDODO JUDARWANTO

email : judarwanto@gmail.com

Maternal diet, breast-feeding capacity, and lactational infertility

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 30 Apr 2009 00:34:52 +0000

source : http://www.unu.edu/

1. Theoretical maternal dietary requirements to support lactation

Energy requirements
Protein
Vitamins and minerals
Other nutrients
General conclusion
References

2. Measured dietary intakes of lactating women in different parts of the world

Energy
Protein
Vitamins and minerals
The influence of socio-economic status in the developing world on nutrient intake
General conclusion
References

3. Effect of diet on maternal health and lactational performance

Body size and composition
Protein status of the mother
Maternal vitamin status
Diet and breast-milk composition
Diet and the quantity of milk produced
The effect of maternal dietary supplementation on milk output and composition
General conclusion
References

4. Non-nutritional factors affecting milk production

Frequency of feeding
Supplementary feeding
Menstruation
Pregnancy
Smoking and drugs
Social pressures
The effect of diet on the endocrinology and metabolism of lactation
Development of the breast
Lactogenesis
Maintenance of lactation
Oxytocin release
References

5. Family planning and its relation to nutritional well-being and to maternal and child health

Family planning in perspective
Maternal care
Lactation and breast-feeding
Family-planning technologies and side-effects on lactation
References

6. The role of prolactin on the contraceptive effect of lactation, and the influence of breast-feeding practices and of maternal dietary status

General summary of hormonal changes
Prolactin, breast-feeding frequency, and supplementary feeding in Scotland
The effect of maternal diet on the endocrinology of lactational infertility in the Gambia
Conclusion
References

7. Mother-child nutrition at a public-health level

The state of current knowledge
The Mexican “Minimum package”
The evaluation of success or failure
The wider influence of maternal and child nutrition programmes
General conclusion
References

8. Criteria for the assessment at the community level of the effectiveness of public-health measures relating to maternal and child nutrition

Child mortality
Morbidity
Anthropometry of the child
Anthropometric status of the mother
Functional measurements
Nutritional indices as measures of social development
References

9. Outstanding gaps in knowledge, and research recommendations

Supported by
CLINIC FOR CHILDREN

Yudhasmara Foundation

JL Taman Bendungan Asahan 5 Jakarta Indonesia 102010

phone : 62(021) 70081995 – 5703646

http://childrenclinic.wordpress.com/

Clinical and Editor in Chief :

DR WIDODO JUDARWANTO

email : judarwanto@gmail.com

The Neonatal Nutrition Support Manual

The Children Indonesia — Thu, 30 Apr 2009 00:32:38 +0000

sources : http://www.capitalhealth.ca/

The Neonatal Nutrition Support Manual was developed by registered dietitians, with input from physicians, pharmacists and nurses to provide guidelines for the administration of nutritional support within Capital Health. The manual has a number of uses for health care providers caring for neonates who require nutrition intervention. This resource:

Describes the components of nutrition assessment.
Presents a general overview of determining nutrition requirements including energy, protein, vitamin, mineral, and fluid requirements.
Provides indications for the use of enteral or parenteral nutrition.
Outlines the route, and guidelines for initiating, monitoring and transitioning of enteral feeding products.
Provides a comparison of enteral feeding products available and their indications for use.
Outlines the route, and guidelines for the initiating, monitoring and transitioning of parenteral feeding products.
Reviews the complications of enteral and parenteral nutrition.

Appendices include growth charts for neonates, formula selection decision tree, regional formulary listing of enteral products, stool characteristics of various protein sources, osmolality of medications and vitamins, TPN order forms, calcium and phosphate soluability curve.

The manual is designed to serve as resource for students, dietitians, physicians, nurses and other health care professionals. The manual is not meant to be all inclusive but rather to provide general guidelines for nutritional support of neonates. The individual needs of the neonate must always be considered when developing a nutrition care plan.

To obtain a copy of this resource, please print and follow instructions on the order form below.

Order Form for Neonatal Nutrition Support Manual (PDF)